It was named after pioneer pilot Jan Nagórski (1888-1976) and served as one of the most important meteorological stations in the archipelago during the Cold War. Nagurskoye is a Russian base located on the island at 80☄9′N 47☂5′E / 80.817°N 47.417☎ / 80.817 47.417, on the site of the former meteorological station. Nagurskoye Nagurskoye airfieldĪlexandra Land is home to Nagurskoye military base, Russia's northernmost military base, built in the 1950s. The survivors were removed and the project abandoned. Most of the members were stricken with trichinosis after eating raw polar bear meat. Russian navigator Valerian Albanov of the Svyataya Anna reached Cape Mary Harmsworth in Alexandra Land in 1914 after his ordeal on the polar ice.ĭuring World War II, the Germans established an ill-fated meteorological station on the island, called Schatzgräber ("Treasure Hunter"). First map to show Alexandra Land, from the 1880 expedition by Benjamin Leigh SmithĪlexandra Land in an 1898 map of Franz Josef Land showing the explorations of Frederick Jackson He named the southeastern island Prince George Land. In 1897, Jackson established that the land discovered by Leigh Smith was in fact composed of two separate islands. Cape Mary Harmsworth was named after main sponsor Alfred Harmsworth's wife Mary. The Jackson–Harmsworth expedition led by Frederick Jackson was the first to set foot on Alexandra Land in 1895. Īn alternative account states that the name "Alexandra Land" commemorates Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia (1783–1801), who became Archduchess of Austria in 1799 upon her marriage to Archduke Joseph of Austria, Palatine of Hungary (1776-1847). He named the area for Alexandra, then Princess of Wales. The English explorer Benjamin Leigh Smith, sighted Alexandra Land in 1880, but did not land. Cape Mary Harmsworth, the cape pointing westwards is the westernmost point of the Franz Josef Archipelago proper. Cambridge Channel (Proliv Kambritch) is a wide sound between Alexandra Land and Zemlya Georga.Īt the southern end this island has two capes pointing southwestwards in its southernmost coast: Cape Lofley and Cape Ludlow. Cape Thomas (Mys Tomasa) is the southernmost headland of the peninsula. There are three large lakes on the island, including the Utinoye Lake (Duck Lake) and the Ledyanoye Lake (Ice Lake).ĭezhnev Bay (Zaliv Dezhneva) lies between the western part of the island and the Polyarnykh Letchikov Peninsula. This peninsula is covered by Kupol Kropotkina (Купол Кропоткина), a smaller ice dome. The northern part of the island is unglacierized and its eastern end forms a peninsula stretching southwards, the Polyarnykh Letchikov Peninsula. At the western end of the western glaciated area lies the Nordenskiöld Glacier other glaciers in the island are the Worcester Glacier (HMS Worcester Glacier) and the Payer Glacier. The highest point of the island, 382 m (1,253 ft), is the summit of Kupol Lunny (Купол Лунный) "Dome of the Moon", a large ice dome covering most of the western part of the island. It is the site of a Russian military base that was reopened in 2017. Not counting detached and far-lying Victoria Island, it is the westernmost island of Franz Josef Land. An Ilyushin Il-76 landing at Alexandra Land.Īlexandra Land ( Russian: Земля Александры, romanized: Zemlya Aleksandry) is a large island located in Franz Josef Land, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia.
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